🌿 Mehr ka Shar’ai Maqam 🌿

 🌿 Mehr ka Shar’ai Maqam 🌿

Haya, Ezzat aur Amanat ka Nishan

Bismillahir Rahmanir Rahim

Mehr Islam mein Shar’an Wājib hai — yani Nikah ke ta‘aluq se shauhar par ek maali zimmedari jo Qur’an aur Sunnat ne biwi ke haqq mein muqarrar ki hai. Yeh sirf paisa dena nahi, balki izzat aur amanat ki pehchaan hai.

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📖 Qur’an se Daleel:

> وَآتُوا النِّسَاءَ صَدُقَاتِهِنَّ نِحْلَةً

“Aur auraton ko unka Mehr khushi ke saath de do.”

(Surah An-Nisa, 4:4)

Is ayat se sabit hota hai ke Mehr aurat ka haqq hai aur shauhar par ada karna lazim hai. Qur’an ne ise “nihlah” kaha — yani khushi aur ikhlaas ke saath di hui cheez.

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⚖️ Fiqhi Wazahat (Ulama ka Ijma‘):

Hanafi Fiqh ke mutabiq Mehr wājib hai, aur uski adaigi har haal mein lazim hai, chahe woh mu’ajjal (foran) ho ya mu’akhkhar (baad mein).

Imam Abu Hanifa (رحمه الله) ne farmaya:

> “Agar nikah mein Mehr ka zikr na bhi ho, to bhi aurat Mehr al-Mithl ki mustahiq hoti hai.”

(Al-Hidayah, Kitab an-Nikah)

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🌸 Mehr ka Maqsad:

Mehr ka asal maqsad aurat ko aman aur izzat ka aitbaar dena hai. Yeh uske liye ek haq-e-maali aur shauhar ki zimmedari hai. Yeh rishte ko mohabat aur qadr ki bunyaad par qayam rakhta hai, na ke maali bojh par.

🕊️ Nateeja:

Mehr na sirf ek maali adaigi hai, balki ek maali ikhlaaqi waada bhi hai.

Iski adaigi se rishte mein barkat, mohabbat aur sukoon paida hota hai.

Jo shauhar Mehr ko ikhlaas se ada karta hai, Allah Ta‘ala uske ghar mein rehamat aur barkat ata karta hai.

🕌 Mehr Se Mutalliq Fiqhi Tafseelat (Details on Mehr as per Islamic Jurisprudence)

Mehr ke baare mein kuch ahem aur aam taur par poochhe jaane waale fiqhi masail darj zail hain:

1. Mehr Ki Aqsaam (Types of Mehr)

Hanafi Fiqh mein Mehr buniyadi taur par do qism ka hota hai:

Mehr Musamma (The Specified Dowry):

Yeh woh Mehr hai jis ki miqdaar (amount) Nikah ke waqt dono fareeqain (larka aur larki ya unke wakeel) ki baahami razamandi se tay ho jaati hai.

Qur'an aur Sunnat ke mutabiq isi tay shuda Mehr ki adaigi shauhar par Wajib (Obligatory) hai.

Mehr al-Mithl (The Standard/Equal Dowry):

Yeh is soorat mein laagu hota hai jab Nikah mein Mehr ki miqdaar muqarrar na ki gayi ho.

Is ki miqdaar ka ta'ayyun larki ke khandaan, samaaji rutbe, ta'aleem aur khoobsurti jaisi cheezon ko dekh kar kiya jaata hai, yaani uske khandaan ki doosri larkiyon (jaise phuphi ya behan) ko kitna Mehr diya gaya tha.

Agar Mehr muqarrar na bhi ho, to Mehr al-Mithl ada karna Wajib hai.

2. Adaigi Ka Waqt (Time of Payment)

Mehr ko ada karne ke lihaaz se bhi do hisson mein taqseem kiya jaata hai:

Mehr Mu'ajjal (Prompt/Immediate Mehr):

Yeh woh hissa hota hai jo Nikah ke waqt ya uske fauran baad, ya jab bhi biwi mutalba kare, ada karna zaroori ho.

Biwi is ki adaigi se pehle shauhar ko rok bhi sakti hai (yaani rukhsati se inkaar kar sakti hai).

Mehr Mu'akhkhar (Delayed/Deferred Mehr):

Yeh Mehr ka woh hissa hai jo baad mein ada kiya jaata hai, umooman Talaq ya Shauhar ki Wafaat ki soorat mein.

Agar shauhar Talaq diye baghair qarz ki soorat mein Mu'akhkhar Mehr ada na kare to bhi woh gunaahgaar hota hai aur biwi ko har waqt uske mutaalbe ka haq haasil hai.

3. Mehr Ki Kam Se Kam Miqdaar (Minimum Amount of Mehr)

Hanafi Fiqh: Mehr ki kam se kam miqdaar 10 Dirhams (Das Dirham) muqarrar hai (jo aaj kal ke hisaab se chaandi ki ek makhsoos miqdaar ki qeemat banti hai).

Maliki Fiqh: Mehr ki kam se kam miqdaar 3 Dirhams (Teen Dirham) hai.

Shafi'i aur Hanbali Fiqh: In ke nazdeek Mehr ki koi kam se kam miqdaar muqarrar nahi hai, sirf yeh shart hai ki woh koi aisi cheez ho jis ki shar'i taur par maali qeemat ho.

Note: Islam ne Mehr ki zyada se zyada koi hadd muqarrar nahi ki hai.

4. Mehr Ke Mukammal Hone Ka Hukum (Rule for Full Mehr Entitlement)

Mehr biwi ko mukammal taur par isi soorat mein milta hai jab:

Nikah ke baad Miyan-Biwi ka ta'alluq qaim ho jaaye (Sahih Khulwat ya Dukhool).

Shauhar ka inteqaal ho jaaye (is soorat mein ta'alluq qaim hua ho ya na hua ho).

Talaq us waqt di jaaye jab Miyan-Biwi ka ta'alluq qaim ho chuka ho.

Agar ta'alluq qaim hone se pehle Talaq di jaaye to:

Agar Mehr muqarrar ho, to Aadha (Half) Mehr milega.

From:

Govt Deputy Qazi

Mufti Hashmi Syed Abdul Majeed Numani

📞 7386006694